海南大学学报(社会科学版)

《离骚》是《楚辞》中最瑰丽、最重要的一篇抒情长诗,被誉为《楚辞》之祖。而汉后诸籍,也常将《楚辞》径直称为"离骚"。历代研究者认为,此种现象为艺术上之假借。但笔者通过对《楚辞》的成书过程的考查和对有关历史资料的重新爬梳,认为"离骚"一词,不完全是用借代的手法以篇名来代指集名,而可能是一部真实存在之集名。且《楚辞》的形成,亦经历了一个复杂而漫长之过程,并在汉代逐步完成了由个人别集向地域流派总集的转变。极其可能的是,在汉初刘安时已经存在一部名曰《离骚》的诗人别集,并一直沿用《离骚》之名,直至《楚辞》最后成形即刘向编辑《楚辞》。

Li Sao is the most beautiful and the most important lyric poem in Chu Ci——Songs of the South.In books after Han Dynasty,Chu Ci was often directly named as Li Sao.Researches declared: this is the art of synecdoche.However,after tracing the course of Chu Ci collection coming-into-being and reorganizing the relevant historical data,the author of this paper proposes that the Li Sao was highly possible a name of a real poetry collection of the times in stead of merely an art of synecdoche.He also points out that in Han Dynasty the coming-into-being of Chu Ci experienced a complex and long course during which it transformed from individual collection into a collection of specific school(s).Most likely,a poetic collection titled Li Sao appeared at the beginning of Han Dynasty and continued to use the title till LIU Xiang compiled Chu Ci.