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当前，人工智能在各个领域广泛应用，其对劳动力市场的冲击已引发社会各界的关注。将国际标准职业分类与美国O*NET数据库职业匹配，借鉴Frey和Osborne(2017)对美国职业替代率的测算思路，结合中国综合社会调查数据库（CGSS）考察城市层面人工智能的职业替代率，从职业任务复杂度、工作灵活度、社会评价和所属产业四个维度，探讨人工智能技术的职业替代效应及其对职业结构的影响。研究结果发现，人工智能技术冲击会诱发职业替代风险，尤其是任务复杂度较低、工作灵活度较低和第一产业的职业替代风险更大，人工智能技术的职业替代效应会改变劳动力职业结构，且会受城市市场化程度和教育规模约束。
Abstract：At present, the wide application of artificial intelligence has impacted the labor market, which attracts great attention in all sector of society. Through matching the international standard occupational classification with the occupations in the O~*NET database of the United States, this paper explores the occupational substitution rate of artificial intelligence on the city with reference to the calculation ideas of Frey and Osborne(2017) on the American occupation substitution rate and the China General Social Survey(CGSS) database. Furthermore, it discusses the occupational substitution effect of artificial intelligence technology and its influence on occupational structure from four dimensions of occupational task complexity,job flexibility, social evaluation and the industry that the occupation falls into. The results show that the impact of artificial intelligence technology induces the risk of occupation substitution, and the higher risks of substitution exist in occupations with lower task complexity, lower work flexibility and those in the primary industry. The occupational substitution effect of artificial intelligence technology changes the occupational structure of labor force, and is constrained by the degree of urban marketization and the scale of education.
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基本信息:
DOI：10.15886/j.cnki.hnus.202206.0159
中图分类号:C913.2
引用信息:
[1]赵贺,王林辉,曹章露.人工智能的职业替代效应与职业结构演变：基于CGSS数据的微观证据[J].海南大学学报(人文社会科学版),2023,41(06):129-138.DOI:10.15886/j.cnki.hnus.202206.0159.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金重大项目（20ZDA069）;国家社会科学基金一般项目（20BJY019）
2022-11-10
2022-11-10
2022-11-10