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国际投资争端解决中心于2022年3月在正式通过的仲裁规则中首次确立了第三方资助及披露规则，国际投资仲裁的第三方资助的披露问题引起了广泛关注。在国际投资仲裁第三方资助中引入披露机制可以排除由于非当事人介入程序而导致的不稳定因素，使仲裁更加透明，维护仲裁的公正性基础。我国立法没有确立这一制度，海南自贸港可以借助《海南自贸港法》第10条的立法授权，突破《仲裁法》规则的限制，构建该制度。披露机制中应当明确受助当事人和仲裁员的披露义务，通过“合理第三人检验标准”以及清单式情形列举的当然解释，对仲裁员的独立性进行判断。披露应当遵循立即披露、持续披露、全面披露及存疑披露的要求贯穿程序始终。给予仲裁员强制披露的权力以便更加灵活应对实务中第三方披露问题。
Abstract：In March 2022, the International Centre for Settlement of Investment Disputes establishes the thirdparty funding and disclosure system for the first time in the formally adopted arbitration rules. The disclosure of the third-party funding in the international investment arbitration has drawn widespread attention. Introducing a disclosure mechanism into the third-party funding in the international investment arbitration can eliminate instability resulting from the involvement of non-parties in proceedings, thereby enhancing transparency and upholding the foundational principles of fairness in arbitration. However, this mechanism has not been established in China's legislation. Hence, it is suggested that Hainan Free Trade Port leverage the legislative authorization provided in Article 10 of the Hainan Free Trade Port Law of the People's Republic of China to overcome the limitations set by the Arbitration Law of the People's Republic of China and explore the construction of this system. The disclosure mechanism should clearly define the disclosure obligations of the assisted parties and arbitrators, and assess the arbitrators' independence through the "reasonable third-party scrutiny standard" and the list of circumstances for natural interpretation. Disclosure should adhere to the requirements of immediate disclosure, continuous disclosure, comprehensive disclosure, and disclosure with uncertainties throughout the entirety of the procedure. The arbitrators should be granted with the rights of mandatory disclosure so as to enable them to more flexibly address the third-party disclosure issues in practical scenarios.
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(1)《国际仲裁利益冲突指引》：http：//www.hkiac.org/sites/default/files/ck_filebrowser/PDF/arbitration/6di_IBA_Guidelines_on_Conflicts_of_Interest_in_International_Arbitration.pdf。
(2)https：//www.ibanet.org/Publications/publications_IBA_guides_and_free_materials.aspx;https：//mp.weixin.qq.com/s/e26GD1JLALkTuzGitCLHzg.
(1)https：//icsid.worldbank.org/sites/default/files/documents/ICSID_Convention.pdf,p98.
(2)目前，国际上主要有三种披露规则模式：一是系统性披露模式；二是仲裁庭命令模式；三是系统披露与仲裁庭命令混合模式。
(3)https：//siac. org. sg/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/SIAC-Investment-Arbitration-Rules-Chinese-Translation-Zhong-Lun-20200630_Final.pdf.
(4)http：//www. hkiac. org/sites/default/files/ck_filebrowser/PDF/arbitration/2018%20Rules%20book/2018%20AA%20Rules_Simplified_web%20%28saved%20in%202019%20May%29.pdf,p53.
(1)https：//www.gld.gov.hk/egazette/pdf/20172125/cs1201721256.pdf.
(2)https：//www.bizchinalaw.com/archives/5010。https：//gia.info.gov.hk/general/201812/07/P2018120700587_299061_1_1544169303115.pdf.
(1)https：//iccwbo.org/media-wall/news-speeches/icc-court-adopts-guidance-note-on-conflict-disclosures-by-arbitrators/.
基本信息:
DOI：10.15886/j.cnki.hnus.202403.0218
中图分类号:D922.29;D925.7;D997.4
引用信息:
[1]罗乔乔,彭真明.论海南自贸港国际投资仲裁中第三方资助披露制度的构建[J].海南大学学报(人文社会科学版),2025,43(06):48-56.DOI:10.15886/j.cnki.hnus.202403.0218.
基金信息:
国家社会科学基金重大项目（18ZDA156）; 海南省法学会委托课题（HNFX(WT)）2023-02
2024-03-12
2024
2024-10-10
2024-10-20
2024
1
2024-10-15
2024-10-15
2024-10-15